Time for a history lesson, people!

The island of Great Britain was used to be referred as Albion by the Greek in their texts. It is mentioned together with the name Ierne (the island of Ireland) in various texts such as the Pseudo-Aristotelian text De mundo (393b), in which it is said; 'Ἐν τούτῳ γε μὴν νῆσοι μέγισται τυγχάνουσιν οὖσαι δύο, Βρεττανικαὶ λεγόμεναι, Ἀλβίων καὶ Ἰέρνη' which means, "the largest islands they reached were two, called the Britannic [isles], Albion and Iernē.". So I used both names to refer to their parents, because both names are the oldest names known to be used to refer to both islands.

Stonehenge [A/N: a.k.a. the strange stone formations on top of a hill in the story where Arthur's father taught him about astronomy when he was young]; Stonehenge is composed of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stones and sits at the centre of the densest complex of Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in England, including several hundred burial mounds.

Britannia is the name of one of the Roman Empire's provinces located in the present day England. At the height of Roman Britain, the Empire included most of the island of Great Britain. Britannia was controlled by the Roman Empire between 43 AD to about 410 AD.

During their rule, the Roman Empire also built a wall that separated the province of Britannia from the land of the north, which was called Caledonia (present day Scotland). The wall is the Hadrian's Wall, built under the Roman Emperor Hadrian's order; it's to prevent the attacks from the Pictish tribes, ancient inhabitants of Scotland. Caledonia, during the Roman Empire, encompasses a period of proto-history from the arrival of Roman legions in c. AD 71 to their departure in 213. The history of the period is complex: the Roman Empire influenced every part of Caledonia during the period; however the occupation was neither complete nor continuous.

Cymru is actually the Welsh name for Wales. After conquering the southern part of the island of Great Britain, the Romans turned their attention to what is now Wales. The Silures, Ordovices and Deceangli, the tribes that inhabited the land, remained implacably opposed to the invaders and for the first few decades were the focus of Roman military attention, despite occasional minor revolts among Roman allies like the Brigantes and the Iceni.

Hibernia and Scotia, are the classical Latin names used to refer to the island of Ireland. Both names were used by the Romans to call Ireland.

The name Hibernia was taken from Greek geographical accounts. During his exploration of northwest Europe (circa 320 BC), Pytheas of Massilia called the island Ierne (written Ἰέρνη). In his book Geographia (circa 150 AD), Claudius Ptolemaeus called the island Iouernia (written Ἰουερνία). It is likely that the Romans saw a connection between these historical names and the Latin word hibernus meaning wintry (winter).

Scotia was originally a Latin geographical expression of the territory inhabited by the people Latin writers called Scoti or Scotii, the early Gaels, one of the tribes living to the north of the Central Uplands. The name was often used to refer to both Ireland (Scotia Maior) and Scotland (Scotia Minor). Nowadays, the name Scotia mostly used to refer to Scotland [A/N: This is why Scotia disappeared after the Roman invasion in the story]. The island of Ireland was never incorporated into the Roman Empire. The fact that the Romans never occupied Ireland meant that Roman influence on Ireland was limited to contacts with Britain and other conquered provinces of the Empire.

Gaul (Latin Gallia) is a historical name used in the context of the Roman empire in references to the region of Western Europe approximating present day France and Belgium, but also sometimes including the Po Valley, western Switzerland, and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the River Rhine. Gaul was conquered by the Roman before Britannia.

Plantations of Ireland; Though a relative late comer in comparison to Spain and Portugal, England had been engaged in colonial settlement in Ireland, drawing on precedents dating back to the Norman invasion in 1171. [A/N: This refers to the re-appearance of Scotia, a.k.a. Northern Ireland, in the story. Think of it as the budding of the separation between Ireland and Northern Ireland but they're not officially separated until 1921].

Wars of Scottish Independence, the wars between Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland caused by the intervention of Edward I of England, who manipulated the period of confusion when King Alexander III of Scotland died in 1286 (followed by the death of his granddaughter Margaret, Maid of Norway, breaking the succession line of Scotland's kings) to have himself recognised as feudal overlord of Scotland. The Kingdom of Scotland gained its independence back from Kingdom of England in 1314 under the leadership of King Robert I of Scotland (Robert the Bruce).

Anglo-Franco Hundred Years' War[a.k.a. England and France kicking each other's arses], was a prolonged conflict lasting from 1337 to 1453 between two royal houses for the French throne, which was vacant with the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. The two primary contenders were the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet, also known as the House of Anjou. The House of Valois claimed the title of King of France, while the Plantagenets from England claimed to be Kings of France and England.

Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603); The Queen of England and the Queen of Ireland from 1558-1603, the Kingdom of England flourished under her rule and won its greatest victories in wars over the Spaniards Armada during the Anglo-Spanish war (1584-1604). She was sometimes called as Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess. Queen Elizabeth I died a virgin, she never marry despite the many petitions from parliaments. In an age of metaphors and conceits, she was portrayed as married to her kingdom and subjects, under divine protection. In 1599, Elizabeth spoke of "all my husbands, my good people".

The First Settlements in America; The British Empire managed to build its first permanent settlement in Jamestown, America, in 1607.

Canada is known to be always juggled between England and France even before any settlements were established there. Canada's Atlantic was first explored by John Cabot (1497) for England, and followed by Jacques Cartier (1534) for France. French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent European settlements at Port Royal in 1605 and Quebec City in 1608. The English established fishing outposts in Newfoundland around 1610 and colonized the Thirteen Colonies to the south. There is more of it if you want to know. Just Google it, and you'll know.

English Civil War (1641-1651); was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1800); On 1 May 1707, the Kingdom of Great Britain was created by the political union of the Kingdom of England (which included Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland. This event was the result of the Treaty of Union that was agreed on 22 July 1706, and then ratified by both the Parliament of England and Parliament of Scotland each passing an Act of Union in 1707. Almost a century later, the Kingdom of Ireland, already under English control by 1691, merged with the Kingdom of Great Britain to form the United Kingdom with the passing of the Act of Union 1800.

The human names: Arthur Kirkland (England), comes from King Arthur of the Arthurian legend. Robert Kirkland (Scotland), comes from King Robert I of Scotland. Owain Kirkland (Wales), comes from Owain Glyndŵr was a Welsh ruler and the last native Welsh person to hold the title Prince of Wales. He instigated an ultimately unsuccessful but long-running revolt against English rule of Wales. Éire Kirkland (Ireland), comes from the Irish name of Ireland, Éire (read: eira). Patrick Kirkland (Northern Ireland), comes from Saint Patrick, the most generally recognised patron saint of Ireland.

The Fall and the Decline of the British Empire; The loss of the Thirteen Colonies of America in the American Revolutionary war (1775-1783) caused a great loss for the British Empire. The loss of such a large portion of British America, at the time Britain's most populous overseas possession, is seen by historians as the event defining the transition between the "first" and "second" empires, in which Britain shifted its attention away from the Americas to Asia, the Pacific and later Africa. In between this time, the British Empire flourished and became the largest empire in the world, or even in the history. It was after the World War I and II that the Empire crumbled slowly with its colonies starting to free themselves from the empire and gained independence. The handover ceremony of Hong Kong back to China in 1997 marked for many "the end of Empire".

Entry of the United States to the World War I and World War II; In both wars, the United States always remained neutral at the beginning of the wars, but it also still took measures to assist the United Kingdom (WWI) and China and the Western Allies (WWII) with armaments and other military supports.

The United States entered World War I in 1917 after the British revealed the telegram of a proposal from Berlin (the Zimmermann Telegram) to Mexico to join the war as Germany's ally (against the United States, should the U.S. join) to the United States, President Woodrow Wilson, who had won re-election on his keeping the country out of the war, released the captured telegram as a way of building support for U.S. entry into the war. He had previously claimed neutrality, while calling for the arming of U.S. merchant ships delivering munitions to combatant Britain and quietly supporting the British blockading of German ports and mining of international waters, preventing the shipment of food from America and elsewhere to combatant Germany. After submarines sank seven U.S. merchant ships and the publication of the Zimmerman telegram, Wilson called for war on Germany, which the U.S. Congress declared on 6 April 1917.

Throughout the early period of World War II, the neutral United States took measures to assist China and the Western Allies. In November 1939, the American Neutrality Act was amended to allow 'Cash and carry' purchases by the Allies. In 1940, following the German capture of Paris, the size of the United States Navy was significantly increased and after the Japanese incursion into Indochina, the United States embargoed iron, steel and mechanical parts against Japan. In September, the United States further agreed to a trade of American destroyers for British bases. Still, a large majority of the American public continued to oppose any direct military intervention into the conflict well into 1941. The United States of America joined the Allies following the attack on Pearl Harbour by Japan, on 7 December 1941.

Irish War of Independence (1919), began shortly after the end of World War I. In 1921, a treaty was concluded between the British Government and the leaders of the Irish Republic. The Anglo-Irish Treaty recognised the two-state solution created in the Government of Ireland Act 1920. Northern Ireland was presumed to form a home rule state within the new Irish Free State unless it opted out. Northern Ireland had a majority Protestant population and opted out as expected, choosing to rejoin the United Kingdom, incorporating, however, within its border a significant Catholic and nationalist minority.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1927); The War of Independence in Ireland led to the partition of the island in 1921 followed by independence for the Irish Free State in 1922 with Northern Ireland opting to be part of the UK. As a result, in 1927, the formal name of the UK was changed to its current name, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

The Battle of Britain (1940); is the name given to the sustained strategic effort by the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) during the summer and autumn of 1940 to gain air superiority over the Royal Air Force (RAF), especially Fighter Command during the Second World War. During this war there were four aircraft groups that covered and defended all regions of the England including Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

World War II (1939-1945); Like all people must know by now, the war ended with the complete victory of the Allied Powers. And please don't ask me to explain more. ;__;

If you have any question, don't hesitate to drop a question! 8Dv

Thank you for reading!